Sodium is an important electrolyte and an essential ion present in the extra cellular fluid (ECF). The health benefits of sodium play a pivotal role in enzyme operation and muscle contraction. It is important for osmoregulation and fluid maintenance of the human body. Other health benefits of sodium include heart performance, nervous system and glucose absorption.

Sodium is the predominant ion and electrolyte, needed for the blood regulation in the human body. Serious impairment is caused due to the abrupt dysfunction of sodium. It is a versatile element and occurs in more than eighty forms. As an electrolyte, it regulates the body fluid and transmits electrical impulse in the body. Unlike minerals and vitamins, heat has no effect on sodium. Thus, it can be used for heat resistive processes. Also, it is an important constituent of nerves and helps in muscle contraction.

Though, sodium is an essential nutrient in the balanced diet, it also causes stomach cancer and hypertension.  Those who are suffering from kidney problems and edema should strictly restrict the consummation of sodium in their daily diet.

Thus, sodium is the vital component in the human diet for the correct regulation of cells and nerves in the human body. Supplemental dosage of sodium is necessary during excessive perspiration, sunstroke and adrenal insufficiency. As it is regularly excreted through urine, it does not pose life-threatening risks.